We were slightly ahead of the curve when we jumped off our antiquated VHF-Low system to our current UHF-repeaterized system in that everything we bought in 1999 was already narrow-band, and all of our assigned frequencies were in the narrow-band portion of the spectrum (police, fire and EMS). All of the towns emergency services "banded" together (no pun intended) to replace the radio system as all services were saddled with poor performance, 0 building penetration, multiple dead spots, etc. (it just was not the kind of terrain that low-band thrived in best... but when they initated radio communications back in the dinosaur age in that town, that was the "cutting edge"). Police/EMS shared one frequency in 37 mHz range, and the fire used a multiple-agency shared "Midstate" frequency in the 33 mHz, for primary and fireground ops.
We had to get the best bang for the buck, while being able to secure frequencies. 800 or 900 mHz trunked systems? Forget it. We're low on the food chain and the FCC frequency coordination people told us our chances of getting licences/frequencies for trunked systems at the time were zero-to-none. There was also zip available in the VHF-High spectrum in my region at the time. However, as UHF was starting to be narrow-banded to increase the number of available frequencies, we were in the right place at the right time and were able to score multiple frequencies. We also had to work this all off of one tower, strategically placed for optimal coverage (no wiggle-room in the budget for voting repeaters, receivers, etc.), as the town was very much against multiple repeater/tower sites. We had to do it all (for all the emergency services); bases, mobiles, portables, repeaters, pagers, guyed 100' tower, structure to house the repeaters/backup power and fencing at the site as well as construction/installation costs, for under 200K.
We could've chosen 800mHz, we could've gone digital, but our study committee (made up of myself, our fire chief and the EMS coordinator) were actually steered away from them by the vendors/manufacturers who were bidding on our system. They said that it was ridiculously expensive and not necessary for our needs. A simple UHF repeaterized system would suffice nicely and they were right. The whole system, including everything listed above, was just over $192K. 12 years later the system is still serving us nicely.
We are currently persuing avenues for eliminating the few trouble spots we have in our town (it was inevitable with only one tower location and a few spots in town that line-of-site UHF transmission to and from the tower are difficult) and when funds become available, will be actively working with our current vendor on solutions such as voting repeaters, voting recievers, or whichever choice or combination serves us best. In recent years, all of the surrounding towns minus two have moved up to similar UHF systems as ours, simplifying interoperability that much more. Historically, the Comm. Center for all services as well as 911 PSAPs have been located in the police station, and overseen by the police and fire chiefs.
Currently, the PD radios consist primarily of Motorola MCS-2000 and CDM1550 mobiles (replacing damaged or worn-out older mobiles) and HT1250 portables (supervisors like myself also get a second, more compact portable, an EX560-XLS). Fire and EMS purchased the same makes/models as us as it was all under one purchase order and all services felt these were the radios that would serve our needs for years to come. The PD/EMS operates off of a single Motorola QUANTAR repeater, the FD a MTR2000 repeater. Our current tower is located in the highest geographical spot in the area, for better than 95% talk-back capability on mobiles, about 85% for portables (like I said, we do have some issues that we have to resolve... money being the biggest issue)
In 2010 we moved into a new $5.7 million police/communications facility added onto the existing fire station (which was itself renovated). My portion of the new station project was the Communications Center/radio operations. I was given roughly a $250K budget (which was to soley outfit the Comm. Center and could not be applied to solving other issues). All base radios were replaced with Motorola CDM1550 radios on various bands/wattage (depending upon spectrum) and tied into a Motorola MCC5500 computerized dispatch system, with two complete computerized dispatch positions in the comm. center and a third "hide-away" computerized dispatch position in the EOC/Training room of the new facility. This not only allows us three active dispatch positions if needed, but as I have the infrastructure in place for every surrounding towns complete police/fire/ems radio systems installed in my radio rack, should one of the surrounding towns communications centers be knocked out of operation for any reason, they can send a dispatcher to my facility, who, segregated from our own dispatch operations, can run their towns operations uninterrupted.
With 17 radios in the rack covering all frequency spectrums, everything controlled by the MCC5500 system and totally patchable through the cruisers and portables; through either direct agency or regional-use mutual aid frequencies, our base, mobiles and portables have the capability to talk to just about anyone in the state.
We've come a LONG way since I came on board in 1983 with ancient VHF-Low band Motorola MOTRAC (with tubes in the sender unit) and fully solid-state (WOW! How "space age") MOCOM mobile radios in the cruisers and fire apparatus, even older base stations (so old I can't even remember the models, but I think they were also MOTRACs in a "desktop" configuration) and MT500 portables (they did make good doorstops). The PD operated on a frequency shared with 7 other towns, the FD operated on a frequency shared by 32 other towns! Are we totally cutting edge? Are we using digital, APCO 25 or OpenSky technology? Nope. But what we have has and does work reliably, and we're grateful to have it.... especially when you see where we came from just a decade ago, and what alot of our neighbors still rely on.